Minggu, 09 Mei 2010
'Dangerous', Tur Paling Berbahaya Michael Jackson
The Dangerous World Tour disebut sebagai salah satu tur penyanyi solo terbesar dalam sejarah musik. Pelantun 'Heal the World' itu terbukti sukses mengumpulkan lebih dari 50 ribu orang dalam sebuah stadion. Bahkan Michael sanggup menjual lebih dari 100 ribu tiket di Morumbi Stadium, Brazil. Jika dibandingkan dengan penyanyi masa kini, Beyonce misalnya. Ia sepanjang karirnya hanya sampai pada angka 70 ribu tiket ketika menggelar konser di Fillipina.
The Dangerous World Tour merupakan tur dunia kedua setelah Bad World Tour yang pernah dilakoni Michael Jackson. Tur tersebut digelar dalam tiga bagian selama satu tahun, yaitu mulai Juni 1992 hingga 23 Desember 1993. Jacko membuka tur tersebut di Munich, Jerman dan mengakhirinya di Meksiko. Total ada 76 pertunjukan di tur tersebut.Beberapa lagu dari album 'Dangerous', 'Bad', 'Off the Wall' dan 'Thriller' ia bawakan untuk menghibur para penggemarnya di tur tersebut. Di antaranya, 'Workin' Day and Night', 'I Just Can't Stop Loving You', 'Black or White' dan 'Man in the Mirror' yang selalu jadi lagu penutup.
Panggung The Dangerous World Tour pun luar biasa besarnya, lengkap dengan tata lampu dan sound system yang ciamik. Jadi nggak heran untuk mengangkut semua peralatan panggungnya, Jacko harus menyewa dua buah pesawat boeing 747.
Untuk urusan aksi panggung, Jacko memang tak ada duanya. Jacko adalah satu-satunya penyanyi yang pernah menggunakan roket di punggung buatan NASA untuk mengakhiri setiap pertunjukannya The Dangerous World Tour. Meskipun untuk melakukan aksi terbang dengan roket itu, Jacko harus diganti oleh pemeran pengganti. Hal itu terjadi karena tidak sembarang orang bisa menggunakan roket itu.
Ketika melakoni tur tersebut, Jacko mulai mengkonsumsi obat-obatan penghilang rasa sakit, seperti Valium, Xanax dan Ativan. Ditambah ia semakin stres setelah dituntut telah melakukan pelecehan terhadap seorang anak.
Jacko sempat membatalkan konser di Bangkok, Thailand pada 25 Agustus 1993 dan di Singapura pada 30 Agustus 1993. Hal itu terjadi karena Jacko mengalami dehidrasi dan sempat pingsan saat latihan.
Tur tersebut meraup pendapatan lebih dari US$ 100 juta. Namun Jacko tidak menikmati keuntungannya sendiri. Karena 98 persen keuntungan The Dangerous World Tour, ia sumbangkan untuk berbagai organisasi sosial di seluruh dunia.
Sumber: Hot Music
Jumat, 23 April 2010
Jumat, 16 April 2010
Kuasa Bunda Maria
Gambar ini diambil di Gereja Katedral Padang stelah gempa bumi dahsyat mengguncang daerah tersebut.MUJIZATKAH INI?????
SQUID
Modification from ancestral forms
Squid have differentiated from their ancestral molluscs such that the body plan has been condensed antero-posteriorly and extended dorso-ventrally. What before may have been the foot of the ancestor is modified into a complex set of tentacles and highly developed sense organs, including advanced eyes similar to those of vertebrates.
The ancestral shell has been lost, with only an internal gladius, or pen, remaining. The pen is a feather-shaped internal structure that supports the squid's mantle and serves as a site for muscle attachment. It is made of a chitin-like substance.
Anatomy
The main body mass is enclosed in the mantle, which has a swimming fin along each side. These fins, unlike in other marine organisms, are not the main source of locomotion in most species.
The skin is covered in chromatophores, which enable the squid to change color to suit its surroundings, making it effectively invisible. The underside is also almost always lighter than the topside, to provide camouflage from both prey and predator.
Under the body are openings to the mantle cavity, which contains the gills (ctenidia) and openings to the excretory and reproductive systems. At the front of the mantle cavity lies the siphon, which the squid uses for locomotion via precise jet propulsion. In this form of locomotion, water is sucked into the mantle cavity and expelled out of the siphon in a fast, strong jet. The direction of the siphon can be changed, to suit the direction of travel.
Inside the mantle cavity, beyond the siphon, lies the visceral mass, which is covered by a thin, membranous epidermis. Under this are all the major internal organs.
Nervous system
The giant axon, which may be up to 1 mm (0.04 inches) in diameter in some larger species, innervates the mantle and controls part of the jet propulsion system.
As a cephalopod, squid exhibit relatively high intelligence among invertebrates. For example, groups of Humboldt squid hunt cooperatively, using active communication. (See Cephalopod intelligence.)
Reproductive system
In females the ink sac is hidden from view by a pair of white nidamental glands, which lie anterior to the gills. There are also red-spotted accessory nidamental glands. Both organs are associated with food manufacture and shells for the eggs. Females also have a large translucent ovary, situated towards the posterior of the visceral mass.
Males do not possess these organs, but instead have a large testis in place of the ovary, and a spermatophoric gland and sac. In mature males, this sac may contain spermatophores, which are placed inside the female's mantle during mating.
Digestive system
Like all cephalopods, squid have complex digestive systems. The muscular stomach is found roughly in the midpoint of the visceral mass. From there, the bolus moves into the caecum for digestion. The caecum, a long, white organ, is found next to the ovary or testis. In mature squid, more priority is given to reproduction such that the stomach and caecum often shrivel up during the later life stages. Finally, food goes to the liver (or digestive gland), found at the siphon end, for absorption. Solid waste is passed out of the rectum. Beside the rectum is the ink sac, which allows a squid to rapidly discharge black ink into the mantle cavity.
Cardiovascular system
Squid have three hearts. Two brachial hearts feed the gills, each surrounding the larger systemic heart that pumps blood around the body. The faintly greenish hearts are surrounded by the renal sacs - the main excretory system. The kidneys are difficult to identify and stretch from the hearts (located at the posterior side of the ink sac) to the liver. The systemic heart is made of three chambers, a lower ventricle and two upper auricles.
Head
The head end bears 8 arms and 2 tentacles (species in the bigfin squid group have 10 identical arms), each a form of muscular hydrostat containing many suckers along the edge. These tentacles do not grow back if severed. In the mature male, one basal half of the left ventral tentacle is hectocotylised — and ends in a copulatory pad rather than suckers. It is used for intercourse.
The mouth is equipped with a sharp horny beak mainly made of chitin[2] and cross-linked proteins, and is used to kill and tear prey into manageable pieces. The beak is very robust, but does not contain minerals, unlike the teeth and jaws of many other organisms, including marine species.[3] Captured whales often have indigestible squid beaks in their stomachs. The mouth contains the radula (the rough tongue common to all molluscs except bivalvia and aplacophora).
The eyes, on either side of the head, each contain a hard lens. The lens is focused through movement, much like the lens of a camera or telescope, rather than changing shape as the lens in the human eye does.
Squids appear to have limited hearing.[4]
Size
The majority are no more than 60 centimetres (24 in) long, although the giant squid may reach 13 metres (43 ft).[5]
In 1978, sharp, curved claws on the suction cups of squid tentacles cut up the rubber coating on the hull of the USS Stein. The size suggested the largest squid known at the time.[6]
In 2003, a large specimen of an abundant[7] but poorly understood species, Mesonychoteuthis hamiltoni (the Colossal Squid), was discovered. This species may grow to 14 metres (46 ft) in length, making it the largest invertebrate.[8] Squid have the largest eyes in the animal kingdom. Giant squid are featured in literature and folklore with a frightening connotation. The Kraken is a legendary tentacled monster possibly based on sightings of real giant squid.
In February 2007, a New Zealand fishing vessel caught a Colossal Squid weighing 495 kilograms (1,090 lb) and measuring around 10 metres (33 ft) off the coast of Antarctica.[9]
Classification
Squid are members of the class Cephalopoda, subclass Coleoidea, order Teuthida, of which there are two major suborders, Myopsina and Oegopsina (including giant squids like Architeuthis dux). Teuthida is the largest cephalopod order with around 300 classified into 29 families.
The order Teuthida is a member of the superorder Decapodiformes (from the Greek for "ten legs"). Two other orders of decapodiform cephalopods are also called squid, although they are taxonomically distinct from Teuthida and differ recognizably in their gross anatomical features. They are the bobtail squid of order Sepiolida and the ram's horn squid of the monotypic order Spirulida. The vampire squid, however, is more closely related to the octopuses than to any squid.
- CLASS CEPHALOPODA
- Subclass Nautiloidea: nautilus
- Subclass Coleoidea: squid, octopus, cuttlefish
- Superorder Octopodiformes
- Superorder Decapodiformes
- ?Order †Boletzkyida
- Order Spirulida: Ram's Horn Squid
- Order Sepiida: cuttlefish
- Order Sepiolida: bobtail squid
- Order Teuthida: squid
- Family †Plesioteuthididae (incertae sedis)
- Suborder Myopsina
- Family Australiteuthidae
- Family Loliginidae: inshore, calamari, and grass squid
- Suborder Oegopsina
- Family Ancistrocheiridae: Sharpear Enope Squid
- Family Architeuthidae: giant squid
- Family Bathyteuthidae
- Family Batoteuthidae: Bush-club Squid
- Family Brachioteuthidae
- Family Chiroteuthidae
- Family Chtenopterygidae: comb-finned squid
- Family Cranchiidae: glass squid
- Family Cycloteuthidae
- Family Enoploteuthidae
- Family Gonatidae: armhook squid
- Family Histioteuthidae: jewel squid
- Family Joubiniteuthidae: Joubin's Squid
- Family Lepidoteuthidae: Grimaldi Scaled Squid
- Family Lycoteuthidae
- Family Magnapinnidae: bigfin squid
- Family Mastigoteuthidae: whip-lash squid
- Family Neoteuthidae
- Family Octopoteuthidae
- Family Ommastrephidae: flying squid
- Family Onychoteuthidae: hooked squid
- Family Pholidoteuthidae
- Family Promachoteuthidae
- Family Psychroteuthidae: Glacial Squid
- Family Pyroteuthidae: fire squid
- Family Thysanoteuthidae: rhomboid squid
- Family Walvisteuthidae
- Parateuthis tunicata (incertae sedis)
Commercial fishing
According to the FAO, the cephalopod catch for 2002 was 3,173,272 tonnes (6.995867×109 lb). Of this, 2,189,206 tonnes, or 75.8 percent, was squid.[10] The following table lists the squid species fishery catches which exceeded 10,000 tonnes (22,000,000 lb) in 2002.
| World squid catch in 2002[10] | ||||
| Species | Family | Common name | Catch tonnes | Percent |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Loligo gahi | Loliginidae | Patagonian squid | 24,976 | 1.1 |
| Loligo pealei | Loliginidae | Longfin squid | 16,684 | 0.8 |
| Common squids nei[11] | Loliginidae | 225,958 | 10.3 | |
| Ommastrephes bartrami | Ommastrephidae | Neon flying squid | 22,483 | 1.0 |
| Illex argentinus | Ommastrephidae | Argentine shortfin squid | 511,087 | 23.3 |
| Dosidicus gigas | Ommastrephidae | Jumbo flying squid | 406,356 | 18.6 |
| Todarodes pacificus | Ommastrephidae | Japanese flying squid | 504,438 | 23.0 |
| Nototoda russloani | Ommastrephidae | Wellington flying squid | 62,234 | 2.8 |
| Squids nei[11] | Various | 414,990 | 18.6 | |
| Total squid | 2,189,206 | 100.0 | ||
As food
Many species are popular as food in cuisines as diverse as Greek, Turkish, Japanese, Italian, Spanish, Korean and Indian.
In English-speaking countries, squid as food is often marketed using the Italian word calamari.
Squid are found abundantly in certain areas, and provide large catches for fisheries.
The body can be stuffed whole, cut into flat pieces or sliced into rings. The arms, tentacles and ink are also edible; in fact, the only parts that are not eaten are the beak and gladius (pen).
Squid is a food high in Selenium, Vitamin B12, and Riboflavin.
Jadwal Piala Dunia 2010
Jadwal Piala Dunia 2010 - Setelah undian pembagian grup piala dunia 2010 di Capetown, Afrika Selatan. Berikut adalah Jadwal Piala Dunia 2010 yang terdiri dari 32 negara peserta dengan 8 grup. 1 grup masing-masing 4 tim. Mereka akan berlaga kurang lebih sebulan lamanya tepatnya dari tanggal 11 Juni sampai 11 juli 2010.Jadwal Piala Dunia 2010 :
Jumat, 11 Juni
Grup A:
11 Juni 2010
21:00 Afrika Selatan v Meksiko, Soccer City, Johannesburg
12 Juni 2010
01:30 Uruguay v Prancis, Cape Town Stadium, Cape Town
17 Juni 2010
01:30 Afrika Selatan v Uruguay, Loftus Versfeld Stadium, Pretoria
17 Juni 2010
18:30 Prancis v Meksiko, Peter Mokaba Stadium, Polokwane
22 Juni 2010
21:00 Meksiko v Uruguay, Royal Bafokeng Stadium, Rustenburg
21:00 Prancis v Afrika Selatan, Free State Stadium, Bloemfontein
Grup B:
12 Juni 2010
18:30 Argentina v Nigeria, Ellis Park Stadium, Johannesburg
21:00 Korea Selatan v Yunani, Nelson Mandela Bay Stadium, Port Elizabeth
17 Juni 2010
21:00 Argentina v Korea Selatan, Soccer City, Johannesburg
18 Juni 2010
01:30 Yunani v Nigeria, Free State Stadium, Bloemfontein
23 Juni 2010
01:30 Yunani v Argentina, Peter Mokaba Stadium, Polokwane
01:30 Nigeria v Korea Selatan, Moses Mabhida Stadium, Durban
Grup C:
13 Juni 2010
01:30 Inggris v Amerika Serikat, Royal Bafokeng Stadium, Rustenburg
13 Juni 2010
18:30 Aljazair v Slovenia, Peter Mokaba Stadium, Polokwane
18 Juni 2010
21:00 Inggris v Aljazair, Cape Town Stadium, Cape Town
19 Juni 2010
01:30 Slovenia v Amerika Serikat, Ellis Park Stadium, Johannesburg
23 Juni 2010
21:00 Amerika Serikat v Aljazair, Loftus Versfeld Stadium, Pretoria
21:00 Slovenia v Inggris, Nelson Mandela Bay Stadium, Port Elizabeth
Grup D:
13 Juni 2010
21:00 Jerman v Australia, Moses Mabhida Stadium, Durban
14 Juni 2010
01:30 Serbia v Ghana, Loftus Versfeld Stadium, Pretoria
18 Juni 2010
18:30 Jerman v Serbia, Nelson Mandela Bay Stadium, Port Elizabeth
19 Juni 2010
18:30 Ghana v Australia, Royal Bafokeng Stadium, Rustenburg
24 Juni 2010
01:30 Australia v Serbia, Mbombela Stadium, Nelspruit
01:30 Ghana v Jerman, Soccer City, Johannesburg
Grup E:
14 Juni 2010
18:30 Belanda v Denmark, Soccer City, Johannesburg
21:00 Jepang v Kamerun, Free State Stadium, Bloemfontein
19 Juni 2010
21:00 Belanda v Jepang, Moses Mabhida Stadium, Durban
20 Juni 2010
01:30 Kamerun v Denmark, Loftus Versfeld Stadium, Pretoria
25 Juni 2010
01:30 Denmark v Jepang, Royal Bafokeng Stadium, Rustenburg
01:30 Kamerun v Belanda, Cape Town Stadium, Cape Town
Grup F:
15 Juni 2010
01:30 Italia v Paraguay, Cape Town Stadium, Cape Town
15 Juni 2010
18:30 Selandia Baru v Slowakia, Royal Bafokeng Stadium, Rustenburg
20 Juni 2010
18:30 Italia v Selandia Baru, Mbombela Stadium, Nelspruit
21:00 Slowakia v Paraguay, Free State Stadium, Bloemfontein
24 Juni 2010
21:00 Paraguay v Selandia Baru, Peter Mokaba Stadium, Polokwane
21:00 Slowakia v Italia, Ellis Park Stadium, Johannesburg
Grup G:
15 Juni 2010
21:00 Brasil v Korea Utara, Ellis Park Stadium, Johannesburg
16 Juni 2010
01:30 Pantai Gading v Portugal, Nelson Mandela Bay Stadium, Port Elizabeth
21 Juni 2010
01:30 Brasil v Pantai Gading, Soccer City, Johannesburg
21 Juni 2010
18:30 Portugal v Korea Utara, Cape Town Stadium, Cape Town
25 Juni 2010
21:00 Korea Utara v Pantai Gading, Mbombela Stadium, Nelspruit
21:00 Portugal v Brasil, Moses Mabhida Stadium, Durban
Grup H:
16 Juni 2010
18:30 Spanyol v Swiss, Moses Mabhida Stadium, Durban
21:00 Honduras v Cili, Mbombela Stadium, Nelspruit
21 Juni 2010
21:00 Spanyol v Honduras, Nelson Mandela Bay Stadium, Port Elizabeth
22 Juni 2010
01:30 Cili v Swiss, Ellis Park Stadium, Johannesburg
26 Juni 2010
01:30 Swiss v Honduras, Free State Stadium, Bloemfontein
01:30 Cili v Spanyol, Loftus Versfeld Stadium, Pretoria
16 Besar
26 Juni 2010, 21:00
Juara Grup A v Peringkat Kedua Grup B, Nelson Mandela Bay Stadium, Port Elizabeth (Partai 49)
27 Juni 2010, 01:30
Juara Grup C v Peringkat Kedua Grup D, Royal Bafokeng Stadium, Rustenburg (Partai 50)
27 Juni 2010, 21:00
Juara Grup D v Peringkat Kedua Grup C, Free State Stadium, Bloemfontein (Partai 51)
28 Juni 2010, 01:30
Juara Grup B v Peringkat Kedua Grup A, Soccer City, Johannesburg (Partai 52)
28 Juni 2010, 21:00
Juara Grup E v Peringkat Kedua Grup F, Moses Mabhida Stadium, Durban (Partai 53)
29 Juni 2010, 01:30
Juara Grup G v Peringkat Kedua Grup H, Ellis Park Stadium, Johannesburg (Partai 54)
29 Juni 2010, 21:00
Juara Grup F v Peringkat Kedua Grup E, Loftus Versfeld Stadium, Pretoria (Partai 55)
30 Juni 2010, 01:30
Juara Grup H v Peringkat Kedua Grup G, Cape Town Stadium, Cape Town (Partai 56)
Perempat-Final
2 Juli 2010, 21:00
Pemenang Partai 53 v Pemenang Partai 54, Nelson Mandela Bay Stadium, Port Elizabeth (Partai 57)
3 Juli 2010, 01:30
Pemenang Partai 49 v Pemenang Partai 50, Soccer City, Johannesburg (Partai 58)
3 Juli 2010, 21:00
Pemenang Partai 52 v Pemenang Partai 51, Cape Town Stadium, Cape Town (Partai 59)
4 Juli 2010, 01:30
Pemenang Partai 55 v Pemenang Partai 56, Ellis Park Stadium, Johannesburg (Partai 60)
Semi-final
7 Juli 2010, 01:30
Pemenang Partai 58 v Pemenang Partai 57, Cape Town Stadium, Cape Town (Partai 61)
8 Juli 2010, 01:30
Pemenang Partai 59 v Pemenang Partai 60, Moses Mabhida Stadium, Durban (Partai 62)
Perebutan Juara Ketiga
11 Juli 2010, 01:30
Tim Kalah Partai 61 v Tim Kalah Partai 62, Nelson Mandela Bay Stadium, Port Elizabeth (Partai 63)
Final
12 Juli 2010, 01:30
Pemenang Partai 61 v Pemenang Partai 62, Soccer City, Johannesburg (Partai 64)
